Location: southbound between the junctions with the A1 and the A1068 .
Due to: Congestion.
Normal traffic conditions are expected between 11:00 and 11:15 on 28 March 2024.
Nearest town: 19.73 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound between the junctions with the A1 and the A1068 .
Due to: Congestion.
Normal traffic conditions are expected between 10:15 and 10:30 on 28 March 2024.
Nearest town: 19.73 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound between the junctions with the A68 and the A1 .
Due to: Congestion.
Normal traffic conditions are expected between 08:30 and 08:45 on 28 March 2024.
Nearest town: 15.59 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: northbound between the junctions with the A167 Washington Birtley and the A692 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 2 April 2024 to 6 April 2024.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 7 April 2024 to 06:00 on 8 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 13.64 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: northbound between the A194M and the junction with the A692 .
Due to: Roadworks scheme.
Period : from 20:00 on 27 March 2024 to 08:00 on 21 April 2024.
Nearest town: 14.76 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: northbound.
Lane Closures : Lane one is closed.
Due to: Roadworks.
Period : expect disruption until 06:00 on 28 August 2024.
Lanes Closed : There is one of two lanes closed.
Nearest town: 13.64 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: northbound entry slip from the A167 .
Lane Closures : Lane one is closed.
Due to: Roadworks.
Period : expect disruption until 06:00 on 31 August 2024.
Lanes Closed : There is one of two lanes closed.
Nearest town: 14.1 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: northbound.
Lane Closures : Lane one is closed.
Due to: Roadworks.
Period : expect disruption until 06:00 on 31 August 2024.
Lanes Closed : There is one of two lanes closed.
Nearest town: 13.4 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound exit slip to the A167 .
Lane Closures : Lane one is closed.
Due to: Roadworks.
Period : expect disruption until 06:00 on 31 August 2024.
Lanes Closed : There is one of two lanes closed.
Nearest town: 13.94 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound entry slip from the A167 .
Lane Closures : Lane one is closed.
Due to: Roadworks.
Period : expect disruption until 06:00 on 31 August 2024.
Lanes Closed : There is one of two lanes closed.
Nearest town: 14.18 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: northbound.
Due to: Roadworks scheme.
Period : from 14:32 on 14 December 2021 to 06:00 on 31 August 2024.
Nearest town: 14.1 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound.
Due to: Roadworks scheme.
Period : from 11:24 on 21 July 2021 to 06:00 on 31 August 2024.
Nearest town: 14.18 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound between the A184 and the junction with the A1231 .
Due to: Roadworks scheme.
Period : from 20:00 on 27 March 2024 to 08:00 on 21 April 2024.
Nearest town: 13.6 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: northbound exit slip to the A184 roundabout.
Lane Closures : Lane one will be closed.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 3 April 2024 to 6 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 8 April 2024 to 13 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 15 April 2024 to 20 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 22 April 2024 to 27 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : There will be one of three lanes closed.
Nearest town: 18.91 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: northbound exit slip to the A184 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 3 April 2024 to 6 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 8 April 2024 to 13 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 15 April 2024 to 20 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 22 April 2024 to 27 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 18.92 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: The A1M northbound between junctions J61 and J62 .
Lane Closures : Lane two will be closed.
Due to: Emergency roadside drains works are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 3 April 2024 to 06:00 on 4 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : There will be one of two lanes closed.
Nearest town: 16.5 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: The A1M southbound between junctions J62 and J61 .
Lane Closures : Lane two will be closed.
Due to: Emergency roadside drains works are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 3 April 2024 to 06:00 on 4 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : There will be one of two lanes closed.
Nearest town: 15.29 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound between the A183 and the junction with the A1018 .
Lane Closures : Lane two will be closed.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 2 April 2024 to 6 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 7 April 2024 to 13 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 14 April 2024 to 20 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 21 April 2024 to 23 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : There will be one of two lanes closed.
Nearest town: 18.44 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: northbound exit slip to the A690 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 2 April 2024 to 6 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 7 April 2024 to 13 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 14 April 2024 to 20 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 21 April 2024 to 23 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 18.65 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: The A1M northbound between junctions J60 and J61 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : From 09:00 on 26 April 2024 to 14:30 on 26 April 2024.
Nearest town: 18.86 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: The A1M northbound between junctions J62 and J63 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : From 09:00 on 2 May 2024 to 14:30 on 2 May 2024.
Nearest town: 15.29 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: The A1M northbound between junctions J62 and J63 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : From 09:00 on 1 May 2024 to 14:30 on 1 May 2024.
Nearest town: 15.29 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: The A1M northbound between junctions J60 and J61 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : From 09:00 on 25 April 2024 to 14:30 on 25 April 2024.
Nearest town: 19.87 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: The A1M northbound between junctions J61 and J62 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : From 09:00 on 30 April 2024 to 14:30 on 30 April 2024.
Nearest town: 15.92 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: The A1M northbound between junctions J61 and J62 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : From 09:00 on 29 April 2024 to 14:30 on 29 April 2024.
Nearest town: 16.88 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 2 April 2024 to 6 April 2024.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 7 April 2024 to 06:00 on 8 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 12 April 2024 to 14 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 19 April 2024 to 21 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 13.25 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound at the junction with the A184 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 2 April 2024 to 6 April 2024.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 7 April 2024 to 06:00 on 8 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 12 April 2024 to 14 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 19 April 2024 to 21 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 13.58 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: northbound.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 8 April 2024 to 12 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 12 April 2024 to 14 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 19 April 2024 to 21 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 13.64 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound exit slip to the A692 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 2 April 2024 to 6 April 2024.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 7 April 2024 to 06:00 on 8 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 12 April 2024 to 14 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 19 April 2024 to 21 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 13.61 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound between the A694 and the junction with the A184 .
Lane Closures : Lanes 2 and 3 will be closed.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 2 April 2024 to 6 April 2024.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 7 April 2024 to 06:00 on 8 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 12 April 2024 to 14 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 19 April 2024 to 21 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : There will be two of three lanes closed.
Nearest town: 13.3 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound between the A694 and the junction with the A184 .
Lane Closures : Lane two will be closed.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 2 April 2024 to 6 April 2024.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 7 April 2024 to 06:00 on 8 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 12 April 2024 to 14 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 19 April 2024 to 21 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : There will be one of two lanes closed.
Nearest town: 12.85 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: northbound between the A194M and the junction with the A692 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 8 April 2024 to 12 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 12 April 2024 to 14 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 19 April 2024 to 21 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 14.76 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound at the junction with the A692 .
Lane Closures : Lanes 2 and 3 will be closed.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 8 April 2024 to 12 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : There will be two of three lanes closed.
Nearest town: 13.6 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound between the A184 and the junction with the A692 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 2 April 2024 to 6 April 2024.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 7 April 2024 to 06:00 on 8 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 12 April 2024 to 14 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 19 April 2024 to 21 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 13.63 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound at the junction with the A692 .
Lane Closures : Lanes 2 and 3 will be closed.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 6 April 2024 to 06:00 on 7 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : There will be two of three lanes closed.
Nearest town: 13.6 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound at the junction with the A167 Washington Birtley.
Lane Closures : Lane two will be closed.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 8 April 2024 to 12 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : There will be one of two lanes closed.
Nearest town: 13.81 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 8 April 2024 to 12 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 13.49 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound between the junctions with the A692 and the A167 Washington Birtley.
Lane Closures : Lanes 2 and 3 will be closed.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 6 April 2024 to 06:00 on 7 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : There will be two of three lanes closed.
Nearest town: 13.81 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: northbound exit slip to the A167 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 6 April 2024 to 06:00 on 7 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 14.31 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: northbound exit slip to the A167 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 8 April 2024 to 12 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 12 April 2024 to 14 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 19 April 2024 to 21 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 14.31 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound exit slip to the A167 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 6 April 2024 to 06:00 on 7 April 2024.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 14 April 2024 to 06:00 on 15 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 13.94 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound exit slip to the A167 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 2 April 2024 to 6 April 2024.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 7 April 2024 to 06:00 on 8 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 12 April 2024 to 14 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 19 April 2024 to 21 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 13.94 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: northbound between the A194M and the junction with the A167 Washington Birtley.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 6 April 2024 to 06:00 on 7 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 14.76 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: northbound entry slip from the A167 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 8 April 2024 to 12 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 12 April 2024 to 14 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 19 April 2024 to 21 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 14.1 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: northbound.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 8 April 2024 to 12 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 12 April 2024 to 14 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 19 April 2024 to 21 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 13.4 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: northbound between the A167 Washington Birtley and the junction with the A692 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 2 April 2024 to 6 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 14.29 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: northbound.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 15 April 2024 to 19 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 13.4 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: The A1M northbound entry slip at junction J65 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 6 April 2024 to 06:00 on 7 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 14.7 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: The A1M northbound.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 6 April 2024 to 06:00 on 7 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 14.66 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: The A1M northbound entry slip at junction J65 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 8 April 2024 to 12 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 12 April 2024 to 14 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 19 April 2024 to 21 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 14.7 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: The A1M northbound.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 8 April 2024 to 12 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 12 April 2024 to 14 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 19 April 2024 to 21 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 14.66 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound between the junctions with the A692 and the A167 Washington Birtley.
Lane Closures : Lanes 2 and 3 will be closed.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 8 April 2024 to 12 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : There will be two of three lanes closed.
Nearest town: 14.34 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound between the junctions with the A167 Washington Birtley and the A194M .
Lane Closures : Lanes 2 and 3 will be closed.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 8 April 2024 to 12 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : There will be two of three lanes closed.
Nearest town: 14.32 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound at the junction with the A167 Washington Birtley.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 8 April 2024 to 12 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 13.94 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound entry slip from the A167 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 2 April 2024 to 6 April 2024.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 7 April 2024 to 06:00 on 8 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 12 April 2024 to 14 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 19 April 2024 to 21 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 14.18 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound between the A692 and the junction with the A1231 .
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 2 April 2024 to 6 April 2024.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 7 April 2024 to 06:00 on 8 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 12 April 2024 to 14 April 2024.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 08:00 from 19 April 2024 to 21 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : All lanes will be closed.
Nearest town: 13.56 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound between the junctions with the A167 Washington Birtley and the A194M .
Lane Closures : Lanes 2 and 3 will be closed.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 6 April 2024 to 06:00 on 7 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : There will be two of three lanes closed.
Nearest town: 14.34 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound at the junction with the A167 Washington Birtley.
Lane Closures : Lane two will be closed.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 6 April 2024 to 06:00 on 7 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : There will be one of two lanes closed.
Nearest town: 13.94 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: The A1M southbound at junction J65 .
Lane Closures : Lanes 2 and 3 will be closed.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 8 April 2024 to 12 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : There will be two of three lanes closed.
Nearest town: 14.58 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: The A1M southbound at junction J65 .
Lane Closures : Lanes 2 and 3 will be closed.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 6 April 2024 to 06:00 on 7 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : There will be two of three lanes closed.
Nearest town: 14.58 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound between the A692 and the junction with the A167 Washington Birtley.
Lane Closures : Lane two will be closed.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : Expect disruption everyday between 20:00 and 06:00 from 8 April 2024 to 12 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : There will be one of two lanes closed.
Nearest town: 13.48 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: southbound between the A692 and the junction with the A167 Washington Birtley.
Lane Closures : Lane two will be closed.
Due to: Roadworks are planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 6 April 2024 to 06:00 on 7 April 2024.
Lanes Closed : There will be one of two lanes closed.
Nearest town: 13.48 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: The A1M southbound at junction J65 .
Due to: Roadworks scheme is planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 6 April 2024 to 06:00 on 12 April 2024.
Nearest town: 14.58 miles from Healeyfield.
Location: The A1M northbound.
Due to: Roadworks scheme is planned.
Status : Pending.
Schedule : From 20:00 on 6 April 2024 to 08:00 on 21 April 2024.
Nearest town: 14.66 miles from Healeyfield.